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  • Writer's pictureLee Pearson (Tutor)

Understanding the Nervous System in relation to Exercise


Unveiling the Wonders of the Nervous System: Its Components and Relationship to Exercise

Introduction: The human body is a remarkable machine, intricately designed to carry out numerous functions. At the core of this magnificent system lies the nervous system, an intricate network of nerves, cells, and tissues responsible for coordinating and controlling all bodily activities. In this blog post, we will embark on a journey to explore the components of the nervous system and its fascinating relationship with exercise.

  1. The Nervous System: An Overview The nervous system can be divided into two major components: the central nervous system (CNS) and the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The CNS comprises the brain and spinal cord, while the PNS consists of nerves that extend throughout the body, connecting the CNS to the rest of the organs, muscles, and tissues.

  2. The Central Nervous System (CNS) The brain, often referred to as the "command centre" of the body, plays a crucial role in processing and interpreting sensory information, controlling voluntary and involuntary actions, and regulating bodily functions. It is divided into different regions responsible for various functions, including movement, cognition, memory, and emotion.

The spinal cord, an elongated bundle of nerve fibres, serves as a pathway for communication between the brain and the body. It relays sensory information to the brain and transmits motor signals from the brain to the muscles, enabling coordinated movement.

  1. The Peripheral Nervous System (PNS) The PNS encompasses all the nerves outside of the brain and spinal cord, acting as a communication network between the CNS and the rest of the body. It consists of two primary divisions: the somatic nervous system and the autonomic nervous system.

  • The somatic nervous system controls voluntary movements and transmits sensory information from the body to the CNS. It allows us to engage in activities such as walking, running, or lifting weights during exercise. The autonomic nervous system operates involuntarily, regulating vital functions like heart rate, blood pressure, and digestion. It further divides into the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems. During exercise, the sympathetic nervous system is activated, promoting increased heart rate, blood flow to muscles, and enhanced physical performance.

  1. The Nervous System's Relationship with Exercise Regular exercise offers numerous benefits for both the body and the nervous system. Here's how exercise positively impacts this remarkable system:

  • Improved Cognitive Function: Engaging in physical activity stimulates the release of neurotransmitters, such as dopamine and serotonin, which promote mood elevation, reduce stress, and enhance cognitive function. Exercise has been linked to improved memory, attention, and overall mental acuity. Neuroplasticity: Exercise has been shown to promote neuroplasticity, the brain's ability to adapt and reorganize itself. Physical activity stimulates the growth of new neurons, strengthens neural connections, and enhances the brain's resilience to injury and neurodegenerative diseases. Stress Reduction: Exercise acts as a natural stress reliever by reducing the production of stress hormones like cortisol and triggering the release of endorphins, which induce feelings of relaxation and well-being. Regular exercise can help alleviate anxiety and depression, promoting mental and emotional well-being. Motor Control and Coordination: Physical activity, especially activities that require precise motor control and coordination, can enhance neural pathways involved in movement. Regular exercise improves muscle memory, balance, and overall motor skills.

Conclusion: The nervous system is an incredible network that enables communication and coordination throughout the body. Its components, the central and peripheral nervous systems, work in harmony to regulate bodily functions and facilitate movement. Engaging in regular exercise not only benefits our physical health but also enhances cognitive function, promotes neuroplasticity, reduces stress, and improves all around wellbeing.


Qualify as a Personal Trainer in Preston and learn more about the Nervous System.

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